Erik Thiele Orberg

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Life Sciences

12h-index1.2kcitations36works5.62yr avg

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Research Topics

Gut microbiota and health(12), Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation(11), Immune Cell Function and Interaction(8), Mycobacterium research and diagnosis(6), Virus-based gene therapy research(4)

Publications36 total

MassIVE MSV000100719 - Immunomodulatory metabolites define gut microbiome recovery at day +100 after allogeneic HCT and associate with improved survival and reduced relapse risk

2026Open Access

The intestinal microbiome influences immune recovery and long-term outcomes after alloge-neic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). While reduced bacterial diversity and depletion of immunomodulatory microbial metabolites during peri-engraftment have been linked to acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and mortality, it remains unclear whether microbiome recovery by day +100 is best captured by bacterial diversity or by functional mi-crobial metabolites. We aimed to define late post-transplant microbiome recovery and test whether a metabolite-based biomarker improves the prediction of clinical outcomes. In this prospective, longitudinal, observational study with serial stool sampling from pre-transplant baseline to day +100 in a discovery cohort (n=20, Munich) and an independent validation cohort (n=100, Regensburg). Microbiome composition was assessed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (with metagenomics in selected patients), and 57 metabolites were quantified by targeted mass spectrometry. Patients were classified as RECOVERY or NO RECOVERY based on bacterial richness from day +56 to +100 relative to baseline. To cap-ture functional microbial output, we adapted the Immune-Modulatory Metabolite Risk Index (IMM-RI, based on butyric -, propionic -, isovaleric acid, desaminotyrosine, and indole-3-carboxaldehyde) to the late post-transplant period. Bacterial richness frequently improved by day +100, but microbiome recovery did not reliably indicate return to baseline community structure, was not mirrored by metabolite restoration, and showed limited association with survival or transplant-related mortality (TRM). In con-trast, IMM-RI post-transplant low identified patients with preserved butyrate-associated bio-synthetic capacity and significantly improved overall survival (OS) in both cohorts (validation p<0.0001). In the validation cohort, low IMM-RI post-transplant was associated with reduced relapse rates, but higher incidences of chronic GvHD; and stool butyric- and valeric acid concentrations were increased in chronic GvHD of the skin, indicating context-dependent metabolite effects. These findings indicate that functional metabolite profiling outperforms bacterial diversity for predicting outcomes after allo-SCT and support microbial metabolites as predictive bi-omarkers for risk stratification and precision microbiome interventions after allo-SCT.

Open MIND·2026

Tissue-adapted Tregs harness inflammatory signals to promote intestinal repair from therapy-related injury

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy·2025Open Access

Multi-faceted influence of immunomodulatory metabolites on CAR-T cell therapy

Blood·2025Open Access

The role of microbial metabolites in fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with acute gvhd of the gut

Blood·2025Open Access

The microbial metabolite desaminotyrosine protects against graft-versus-host disease via mTORC1 and STING-dependent intestinal regeneration

1 cited

Nature Communications·2025· 1 citedOpen Access

Mucosal calprotectin is associated with severity of aGI-GVHD and poor outcomes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation

1 cited